1840 Muir was asked to join Joseph Whitworth; he moved to Manchester where Whitworth had established his business. Muir designed a road sweeping machine for Whitworths.
Muir made a collection of the various screw pitches then in existence and identified a mean pitch for common threads which was adopted as the "Whitworth pitch". Later Muir, when in business for himself, developed a mean pitch for fine threads.
Long before the connection between Muir and Whitworth was formed, the manifold and serious disadvantages resulting from the varieties of screw pitch in use was universally admitted. We do not know upon what terms he undertook the work, but we believe when at Mr. Whitworth’s place Mr. Muir collected from the principal mechanical engineers, at home and abroad, a collection of the various pitches in existence, and after a series of elaborate experiments arrived at a mean pitch, for ordinary or common threads, which was, after public exposition, adopted as "Whitworth pitch." On this subject it may be interesting to note that Mr. Muir’s sketch-book for 1841 contains, inter alia, notes of "experiments with 3/4in. bolts, the nuts in all cases being screwed to the bottom or ends of the screw." The breaking strains are given for "Fine V Thread," "Square Thread," "Common V Thread," and "Deep V Thread." Numerous "remarks" accompany the statement of results, in the evidently searching, patient, and careful inquiry. Afterwards Mr. Muir, when in business for himself, developed on his own account a mean pitch for fine threads for the use of Opticians, Electricians, and Makers of Scientific Instruments. This improvement was before its time. Now, however, the development of Electricity practically applied, and the more sensitive delicacy required in scientific instruments employed for various purposes, have led to a more full appreciation of its value and importance.
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